ASTM D6682-2001(2006) 用Peschl旋转分层剪切试验器测量粉末剪切应力的标准试验方法

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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforMeasuringShearStressesofPowdersUsingPeschlRotationalSplitLevelShearTester
【原文标准名称】:用Peschl旋转分层剪切试验器测量粉末剪切应力的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD6682-2001(2006)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2001
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.24
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:层;测量;粉末;剪切测试;试验方法
【英文主题词】:bulkdensity;bulksolids;cohesivestrength;degradation;flowability;internalfriction;Peschlsheartester;rotationalsheartester;shearstress;wallfriction;
【摘要】:Thetestmethodisusefulforthefollowing:5.1.1ClassificationofPowders8212;Thecohesionandangleofinternalfrictionareflowabilityindicatorsofpowdersandcanbeusedtoclassifythepowders.5.1.2QualityControl8212;Foranumberofindustrialapplicationsflowabilityfactorsareusedtocomparethematerialflowabilityatdifferenttimesduringproduction.Thematerialproducedhastobeheldwithingivenlimitsforeachapplicationandeachpowdersoastoensuretrouble-freeoperation.5.1.3MaterialEngineering8212;Powderpropertiesareinfluencedbyparticlesize,particlesizedistribution,fatcontent,humidityandotherparameters.Byselectingthecorrectparametersandthecorrectmixturesofpowders,therequiredmechanicalpropertiesoftheproductareachieved.5.1.4DesignofHandlingEquipment8212;Forcertainstorageandconveyorequipmenttherearemathematicalmodelsexistwhichrequirethemechanicalpropertiesofpowders.1.1Thistestmethodisappliedtothemeasurementofthemechanicalpropertiesofpowdersasafunctionofnormalstress.1.2Thisapparatusissuitablemeasuringthepropertiesofpowdersandotherbulksolids,uptoaparticlesizeof5000micron.1.3Thismethodcomprisesfourdifferenttestproceduresforthedeterminationofpowdermechanicalproperties:1.3.1TestA-MeasurementofINTERNALFRICTIONasafunctionofnormalstress.1.3.2TestB-MeasurementofWALLFRICTIONasafunctionofnormalstress.1.3.3TestC-MeasurementofBULKDENSITYasafunctionofnormalstressandtime.1.3.4TestD-MeasurementofDEGRADATIONasafunctionofnormalstress.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:H70
【国际标准分类号】:77_160;77_160
【页数】:13P.;A4
【正文语种】:


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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDielectricBreakdownVoltageandDielectricStrengthofSolidElectricalInsulatingMaterialsUsingImpulseWaves
【原文标准名称】:用脉冲波法测定固体电绝缘材料的电介质击穿电压及抗电强度的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD3426-1997(2004)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1997
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D09.12
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:电介质击穿;抗电强度;电气工程;电绝缘材料;电绝缘;电气试验;绝缘;试验
【英文主题词】:dielectricbreakdown;dielectricbreakdowncriteria;dielectricbreakdownvoltage;dielectricstrength;full-impulse-voltagewave;impulsedielectricstrength;impulsegenerator;impulsewaves;lightningstrokes;peakvalue;simulated-lightningi
【摘要】:Insulatingmaterialsusedinhigh-voltageequipmentmaybesubjectedtotransientvoltagestresses,resultingfromsuchcausesasnearbylightningstrokes.Thisisparticularlytrueofapparatussuchastransformersandswitchgearusedinelectrical-powertransmissionanddistributionsystems.Theabilityofinsulatingmaterialstowithstandthesetransientvoltagesisimportantinestablishingthereliabilityofapparatusinsulatedwiththesematerials.Transientvoltagescausedbylightningmaybeofeitherpositiveornegativepolarity.Inasymmetricalfieldbetweenidenticalelectrodes,thepolarityhasnoeffectonthebreakdownstrength.However,withdissimilarelectrodestheremaybeapronouncedpolarityeffect.Itiscommonpracticewhenusingdissimilarelectrodes,tomakenegativethatelectrodeatwhichthehighergradientwillappear.Whenasymmetricalelectrodesareusedfortestingmaterialswithwhichthetesterhasnopreviousexperienceorknowledge,itisrecommendedthathemakecomparativetestswithpositivepolarityandnegativepolarityappliedtothehighergradient,orsmallerelectrode,todeterminewhichpolarityproducesthelowerbreakdownvoltage.Thestandardwaveshapeisa1.2by50-x03BC;swave,reachingpeakvoltageinapproximately1.2x03BC;sanddecayingto50%ofpeakvoltageinapproximately50x03BC;safterthebeginningofthewave.Thiswaveisintendedtosimulatealightningstrokethatmaystrikeasystemwithoutcausingfailureonthesystem.Formostmaterials,theimpulsedielectricstrengthwillbehigherthaneitheritspowerfrequencyalternatingvoltageoritsdirectvoltagedielectricstrengths.Becauseoftheshorttimeinvolved,dielectricheatingandotherthermaleffectsarelargelyeliminatedduringimpulsetesting.Thus,theimpulsetestgivesvaluesclosertotheintrinsicbreakdownstrengththandolongertimetests.Fromcomparisonsoftheimpulsedielectricstrengthwiththevaluesobtainedfromlongertimetests,inferencesmaybedrawnastothemodesoffailuresunderthevarioustestsforagivenmaterial.AppendixX1ofTestMethodD149shouldbereferredtoforfurtherinformationonthissubject.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofdielectricstrengthofsolidelectricalinsulatingmaterialsundersimulated-lightningimpulseconditions.1.2Proceduresaregivenfortestsusingstandard1.2by50sfull-waveimpulses.1.3Thistestmethodisintendedforuseindeterminingtheimpulsedielectricstrengthofinsulatingmaterials,eitherusingsimpleelectrodesorfunctionalmodels.Itisnotintendedforuseinimpulsetestingofapparatus.1.4ThistestmethodissimilartoIECPublication243-3.AllproceduresinthistestmethodareincludedinIEC243-3.DifferencesbetweenthistestmethodandIEC243-3arelargelyeditorial.1.5Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.SpecificprecautionstatementsaregiveninSection9.
【中国标准分类号】:K15
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:4P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Commercialdry-cleaningmachines(typeIV)
【原文标准名称】:商用干洗机(IV型)
【标准号】:UL664-2003
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2003-12-05
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国保险商实验所(US-UL)
【起草单位】:UL
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:溶剂;空气压缩机;织物;化学清洗;干式清洁设备;干燥技术;商业用
【英文主题词】:Aircompressor;Chemicalcleaning;Commercialuse;Dry-cleaningequipment;Dryingtechnology;Fabrics;Solvents
【摘要】:Theserequirementscoverdry-cleaningmachinesforuseasorwithTypeIVsystemsutilizingClassIVsolventsasdefinedintheStandardforDry-CleaningPlants,NFPA32.Themachinesinvestigatedundertheserequirementsareintendedforusewithsolventsorliquidsclassedasnonflammableorashavingamaximumnumericalfirehazardratingof5,inaccordancewiththeStandardforTestsforComparativeFlammabilityofLiquids,UL340.Theserequirementscoverdry-cleaningmachinesthatarerated600Vorlessthanthatemploynouniversalmotorratedmorethan250V.ThesemachinesareforuseinordinarylocationsinaccordancewiththeNationalElectricalCode,NFPA70.
【中国标准分类号】:Y62
【国际标准分类号】:97_060
【页数】:58P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语